Abstract
Cytotoxic brain edema, a condition of increased water content in brain cells, may occur in patients presenting with a variety of pathological conditions. Since brain function depends upon homeostatic maintenance of intracellular and extracellular neuronal ion concentrations, the increased water content during brain edema can directly alter mental status. Taurine, the second most abundant free amino acid in the brain, is an osmolyte which contributes to the regulation of brain volume. During cytotoxic brain edema, net efflux of taurine from neurons and accumulation by glial cells contributes to neuronal volume regulation and concomitant glial swelling.
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