Emerging Trends in Novel Drug Delivery Systems for the Effective Treatment of Oral Cancer

Abstract

Background: The consumption of tobacco and alcohol has been correlated with the development of oral cancer, impacting various areas such as the mouth, lips, tongue, cheeks, and throat. This condition is marked by irregular cell proliferation involving intricate genetic and epigenetic alterations that drive tumorigenesis. Traditional treatments face limitations, necessitating a comprehensive multidisciplinary strategy. Novel Drug Delivery Systems [NDDS] offer groundbreaking therapeutic possibilities in addressing this complex health challenge. Objective: This review emphasizes the use of NDDS in the treatment of oral cancer Methods: The review entailed a comprehensive exploration of scientific databases and pertinent publications, encompassing studies conducted up to the current date sourced from PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar Key. The search terms incorporated "oral cancer," "novel drug delivery system," "chemotherapy," "nanotechnology," and "conventional therapy." The chosen studies underwent meticulous assessment for methodological robustness and the importance of their findings. Results: NDDS serve an important role in targeted medication delivery by increasing drug bioavailability and reducing adverse effects. Addressing challenges such as low drug solubility, NDDS excels in sustained release methods, guaranteeing long-term therapeutic impact. Their versatility extends to the encapsulation of several anticancer drugs, giving a potential option for oral cancer treatment that is both efficacious and well-tolerated. This novel technique has the potential to transform treatment approaches, improving the efficacy and tolerability of oral cancer drugs. Conclusion: In oral cancer treatment, a spectrum of drug delivery systems is employed, encompassing conventional methods like oral and intravenous administration alongside innovative approaches such as vesicular systems, polymeric systems, and targeted strategies. Recent breakthroughs in oral cancer therapy, including immunotherapy [checkpoint inhibitors, CAR-T cell therapy] and gene therapy [siRNA, miRNA, CRISPR-Cas9], offer exciting prospects. These advancements hold the potential for enhanced therapeutic efficacy, minimized side effects, and personalized treatment options.