Emerging Technologies to Understand Plant–Microbe Responses on Climatic Change

Abstract

Plants and its rhizosphere region serve as a hostile habitat harboring various microorganisms, and these microbes interact with the host plants via antagonism or commensalism or symbiosis. Climatic factors have a significant role in modulation of the plant microbiota, which in turn influences the plant growth and yield. Microbial diversity in the rhizosphere has been explored to a greater extent, but research on the environmental factors controlling the plant–microbe interaction still remains scanty. Deciphering the complexity in plant–microbe relationship is very crucial to understand the nature of interaction and to develop strategies for crop improvement and productivity. Advancement in molecular techniques and various “omics” approaches, like metabolomics, transcriptomics, genomics, proteomics, and metagenomics, have emerged as a valuable tool for understanding the influence of climatic change in fine-tuning of plant–microbe interaction. Technological development in computational biology and bioinformatics accelerated the biological research addressing the intricate microbial interactions and provides a clear insight on fabricating several plant mitigation strategies mediated by microorganisms to overcome the abiotic stresses. This review focuses on various emerging technologies to understand plant–microbe responses on climatic change.KeywordsPlantMicrobe interactionStress responseGenomicsTranscriptomicsProteomicsMetabolomics