Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous non-coding RNAs ~22 nucleotides in length, which have been shown to participate in various biological processes. As one of the most researched miRNAs, the miR-200 family has been found to regulate several factors that are associated with the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) behavior. In this review, we briefly summarize the background of the miR-200 family and their implication in various dental diseases. We focus on the expression changes, biological functions, and clinical significance of the miR-200 family in oral cancer; periodontitis; oral potentially malignant disorder; gingival overgrowth; and other periodontal diseases. Additionally, we discuss the use of the miR-200 family as molecular biomarkers for diagnosis, prognostic, and therapeutic application.
Highlights
IntroductionPrevious studies classified most RNAs as mRNA, rRNA, and Transfer RNA (tRNA). Messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts gene messages, and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is self-catalytic and provides ribosomal structures [1]
Previous studies classified most RNAs as Messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Arunkumar et al showed that miR200a/miR-200b/miR-429 and miR-141/miR-200c were all downregulated in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissues, and the reduction in the miR-200 family was associated with the risk habits of tobacco chewing and smoking [47]
Summary
Previous studies classified most RNAs as mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA. Messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts gene messages, and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is self-catalytic and provides ribosomal structures [1]. Other RNAs participate in modification and message transmission [2,3] and many non-coding protein RNA genes in the genomes of animals and plants produce RNA with a length of approximately 19–25 nucleotides This small RNA regulates the expression of other genes and plays an important role in the development of organisms. Non-coding RNAs that produce oncogenes with dominant gain-of-function mutations sometimes act as tumor suppressors, depending on the main target genes [9] Both classes of functions have been identified through their alteration in human and animal cancer cells in experimental models. As one of the most researched miRNAs, the miR-200 family has been found to regulate several factors that are associated with the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) behavior.
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