Abstract
Cytokine therapy using basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) has attracted attention as a next-generation periodontal tissue regenerative therapy. Clinical trial studies to date have shown that local application of 0.3 % FGF-2 induces statistically significant new alveolar bone formation. In vitro analyses using cultured periodontal ligament cells showed that FGF-2 maintains stem cells in an undifferentiated state and promotes the proliferation of these stem cells during the initial stages of wound healing. This increases the cell density of periodontal tissue stem cells at the site of healing, promotes angiogenesis, and produces specific extracellular matrix molecules, thereby preparing a local environment suitable for the regeneration of periodontal tissue. Additionally, based on an analysis in beagles, when adipose tissue-derived multi-lineage progenitor cells (ADMPCs) isolated from adipose tissue were transplanted together with fibrin gel to areas of periodontal tissue loss, significant regeneration of periodontal tissue was observed at the transplantation site. These results strongly suggest that adipose tissue, which is abundant in the human body and can be easily and safely collected, is a promising source of stem cells to promote the regeneration of periodontal tissue.
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