Abstract
The election of Hassan Rouhani in 2013 as the President was hailed as a ‘victory of moderation’ in Iran, signaling the fact that Iran would embrace moderation after the ‘fierce rule’ of Ahmadinejad, former Iranian President. However, a chronic failure of moderates' agenda in Iran during former's tenure has now changed the power distribution in the country leading to conservative faction's win in the 2020 Parliamentary elections. The paper is an attempt to evaluate the election result of 2020 and understand the new power dynamics in Iran. It reviews the performance and policies of President Rouhani as he reaches the last year of his second term and also analyzes the emerging political scenario in the country with challenges to the new Parliament. Additionally, to make a holistic analysis, the paper briefly covers the strong points of Rouhani administration and the plausible policy changes expected from the new parliament. The methodology of the paper is qualitative content analysis.
Highlights
On May 27, 2020, the new conservative parliament under the speakership of Mohammad Ghalibaf marked an end to the moderate rule in Iran
This research aims to study three things: one, the new power dynamics in Iranian Parliament; two, Rouhani’s rule in the last seven years and the performance of his moderate government amidst the obstacles and the challenges it faced; and three, the role expected from the conservative parliament
On February 21, 2020, the 11th Parliamentary elections were held in Iran which saw a landslide victory by the conservatives winning 221 out of 290 seats while the moderates could get only 30 seats.[2]
Summary
On May 27, 2020, the new conservative parliament under the speakership of Mohammad Ghalibaf marked an end to the moderate rule in Iran. Rouhani’s seven years of government, have been anything but turbulent, both at home and abroad, to say the least. This research aims to study three things: one, the new power dynamics in Iranian Parliament; two, Rouhani’s rule in the last seven years and the performance of his moderate government amidst the obstacles and the challenges it faced; and three, the role expected from the conservative parliament. The nature and character of the new parliament formed after the election on February 21, 2020, the challenges faced by Rouhani’s government, namely the economic issues, relations with the United States (US) including the impact of sanctions and ‘maximum pressure’ campaign by the latter,[1] complex internal politics and lack of domestic satisfaction as well as strengths of Rouhani’s government; and explicate the emerging political scenario and challenges for the newly elected Parliament.
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