Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most prevalent primary bone cancer. Although it has a global impact of approximately 1 to 3 cases/million a year, its etiopathophysiology is still unknown. Moreover, the immune response to its development is very individual as well as variable. Particular emphasis has been placed on the study of the immunoregulatory role of cytokines in osteosarcoma. In this scenario, newly identified cytokine networks have emerged. A deep understanding on the complex interplay of cytokines in osteosarcoma may have prognostic importance. In this review, we seek to highlight the classic roles of cytokines in osteosarcoma, to describe the role of new players in the emerging cytokine networks, and to discuss the therapeutic targets that encompass the complexity and implications of this network.
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