Abstract
The proliferation of arboviruses and their vectors is influenced by a complex interplay between vector, environment and human behaviors. The aim of this work is to analyze the influence of socio-environmental determinants on knowledge and practices regarding arboviruses transmission, among the residents of three communities on the southern border of Mexico. Between June 2017 and August 2018, a set of 149 households from three communities of Tapachula (Chiapas) and Villahermosa (Tabasco) were covered. This study consists of the application of a community prevention project. Different surveys and methodological approaches were used. Associations between socio-environmental determinants and knowledge and practices for arboviruses transmission control were estimated by odds ratio. Logistic regression and qualitative techniques were used. Although around 75% of households had an adequate knowledge about arboviruses' origin and transmission, only 30% of them adopted adequate practices. Domestic risk practices were associated with serious deficiencies in water and sanitation services. Furthermore, a perception of greater risk and difficulty in complying with preventive measures were detected. An adequate knowledge does not necessarily lead to adequate prevention practices. Intermediate social determinants influence on the persistence of risk behaviors for arboviruses proliferation. Addressing such related aspects requires the achievement of an effective and sustainable vector management.
Highlights
Dengue (DENV), Chikungunya (CHIKV) and Zika (ZIKV) are arthropod-borne viruses
In Mexico, autochthonous cases of CHIKV and ZIKV by Ae. aegypti transmission were detected for the first time in the southern border with Guatemala, near the city of Tapachula (Chiapas), in October 2014 and November 2015, respectively 5,6
The study was conducted at three coastal rural villages near the southern border of Mexico: Ejido Hidalgo and Ejido Río Florido, of the municipality of Tapachula and Ranchería Guineo Segunda Sección, of the municipality of Villahermosa
Summary
Dengue (DENV), Chikungunya (CHIKV) and Zika (ZIKV) are arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses). In America, the Aedes aegypti mosquito is the primary vector of their transmission, a mosquito of tropical urban areas, widely adapted to domestic environments, and globally distributed 1,2. Aedes albopictus is present in America as a secondary vector of these diseases, transmitting the virus to different species of host through its blood-feeding behavior in rural or wild environments 3. In the Region of the Americas context, already endemic for DENV and with high Aedes infestation levels, the recent spread of CHIKV and ZIKV threatens and challenges the public health systems 4. In Mexico, autochthonous cases of CHIKV and ZIKV by Ae. aegypti transmission were detected for the first time in the southern border with Guatemala, near the city of Tapachula (Chiapas), in October 2014 and November 2015, respectively 5,6. In the state of Tabasco, first cases appeared between June 2015 and February 2016 7
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