Abstract
BackgroundArboviral diseases are one of the most common causes of acute febrile illness (AFI) and a significant health problem in South America. In Peru, laboratory etiologic identification of these infections occurs in less than 50% of cases, leading to underdiagnoses of important emerging arboviruses.AimTo assess the prevalence of the Dengue (DENV), Oropouche (OROV), Chikungunya (CHIKV), Mayaro (MAYV) and Zika (ZIKV) viruses in patients with acute febrile illness from Puerto Maldonado (Peru).MethodologySerum samples were obtained from patients with AFI during January 2016 to March 2016. A total of 139 specimens were analyzed for the presence of DENV, OROV, CHIKV, MAYV, and ZIKV using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).ResultsCHIKV in 9.4% and OROV in 8.6% were the most prevalent arboviruses, followed by DENV and ZIKV, with a prevalence of 6.5% and 5%, respectively. Among all patients, the most common symptoms accompanying fever were headaches 79.9%, muscle pain 65.5% and joint pain 63.3%.ConclusionsDuring this short 3-month period, 4 arboviruses were detected by PCR, CHIKV and OROV being the most common arboviruses in Puerto Maldonado (Peru). Thus, it is crucial to include OROV detection in the national health surveillance. Furthermore, the etiologic clinical diagnosis of arboviral infections is not possible due to the low specificity of symptoms; therefore an increase of cases confirmed by molecular diagnostic methods will enhance arboviral surveillance in Peru.
Highlights
Arthropod-borne viruses, known as Arboviruses are one of the most common etiologic agents responsible for human febrile illness worldwide and an emerging concern in recent decades [1]
The most common symptoms accompanying fever were headaches 79.9%, muscle pain 65.5% and joint pain 63.3%. During this short 3-month period, 4 arboviruses were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Oropouche virus (OROV) being the most common arboviruses in Puerto Maldonado (Peru)
Madre de Dios was chosen as the area of study as it is one of the most affected regions with Dengue virus (DENV) in Peru; it is located next to Brazil and Bolivia, where native cases Zika virus have been previously reported and it is where the most significant outbreak of OROV was reported in 2016 [8, 9]
Summary
Arthropod-borne viruses, known as Arboviruses are one of the most common etiologic agents responsible for human febrile illness worldwide and an emerging concern in recent decades [1]. Arboviruses have a high mutation and adaptation capacity, which gives them the ability to cause outbreaks. These infections have become a significant health problem in South America [2,3], especially in tropical regions, where high temperatures and humidity favor mosquito proliferation and the transmission of arboviruses [1,3]. Arboviral diseases are one of the most common causes of acute febrile illness (AFI) and a significant health problem in South America. In Peru, laboratory etiologic identification of these infections occurs in less than 50% of cases, leading to underdiagnoses of important emerging arboviruses
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