Emergency reserve activation considering demand-side resources and battery storage in a hybrid power system

Abstract

Optimal sequential and dynamic emergency reserve scheduling and activation plans considering the spinning reserves, demand-side resources and battery storage in a hybrid power system are proposed in this paper. The hybrid power system consists of conventional thermal generating units, wind energy generators, solar photovoltaic plants and electric vehicles. An optimal emergency plan has been developed using the coordinated action of slow and fast reserves for the secure power system operation with optimum overall cost. In this paper, we have considered reserves from thermal generators (i.e., spinning reserves), demand-side resources and also the reserves from battery storage. Here, an optimal dynamic and sequential reserve activation plans are developed by using the optimal coordination of fast reserves (i.e., demand-side resources and battery storage) and slow reserves (i.e., spinning reserves). The optimization problem is solved using the MATLAB optimization toolbox (Fmincon function). The effectiveness and suitability of the proposed approach is tested on IEEE 30, 118 and 300 bus test systems. The simulation results show the advantage of dynamic emergency reserve activation approach over the sequential reserve activation approach.