Abstract
Abstract. In the proposed SAFEDAM system, aerial and satellite-based information is used for the monitoring of river bodies, flood monitoring during the event, and for post-disaster damage assessment. UAV constitute a valuable source of information about the current situation in the field during the operation of emergency services. Time is crucial, and the basic assumption to use UAV remote sensing data is to make them available immediately after landing. Therefore, the approach of automatic orthomosaics created based on the exterior orientation of the transmitted images using direct georeference was selected instead of sophisticated automatic on-the-fly image-matching and georeferencing. The article conveys the justification for selecting this option in order to process orthomosaics with lower localisation accuracy in a short time. The developed algorithm takes into account the elements of exterior and interior orientation of the camera as well as the digital terrain model. The evaluation of the orthomosaic was conducted based on theorthophoto created in post-processing. Thanks to the approach used, images from the platform are available in the near real time on the screen of the interventional mode of the SAFEDAM system and are an extremely valuable and informative source of data. The system also integrates tools, which support the management of the action and prepares site documentation.
Highlights
Flooding is one of the most destructive natural disasters faced by people nowadays
In order to deliver a large amount of data in a short time, the quality or resolution have to be downgraded. It was a reason why in the SAFEDAM system, the methodology for transmitting data to devices in the interventional mode was limited from many various data from different technologies (LiDAR, photogrammetry, etc.) to video streaming from the Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) platform and uploading nadir photos from the drone just after the platform is landed
The results prove that direct georeference and projective transformation using the digital terrain model (DTM) can provide results accepted in crisis management reaching about 1.5 m
Summary
Flooding is one of the most destructive natural disasters faced by people nowadays. Dense river networks render floods the largest hazard in Middle Eastern Europe. The impact exerted on the exterior orientation parameters by factors, such as camera calibration, GCP distribution, coverage between photos or even postprocessing of the GNSS/INS observations using PPK technology (Stöcker et al, 2017) is investigated Such developed methods related to the photogrammetric workflow require additional time for the post-processing of data and orientation of images. The developed IT system must meet the high requirements of providing data for the management of the crisis mission, and for levee monitoring in a preventive configuration by means of photographs and by employing a LiDAR system (Bakuła et al, 2016; 2017) In this type of remote sensing technology, the GNSS/INS system plays a key role (Pilarska et al, 2016). This paper provides justification for such adecision, as well as an introduction to the interventional configuration of the SAFEDAM system
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