Emergence of Higher Cognitive Functions

Abstract

Abstract In the present chapter, we first provide an overview of neurodevelopmental changes in brain structure and function, which have implications for the development of higher cognitive functions as well as for other areas of research within developmental cognitive neuroscience. Second, we highlight neuroimaging evidence regarding the development of working memory and cognitive control processes, and the main neural mechanisms and brain networks supporting them. Third, we review behavioral and neuroimaging research on the development of memory encoding and retrieval processes, including episodic memory and mnemonic control. Finally, we summarize important current and future directions in the study of the neurocognitive mechanisms supporting the development of higher cognitive functions, noting that multidisciplinary approaches, different level of analyses, and longitudinal designs are needed to shed further light on the emergence and trajectories of these functions over development.