Abstract
The emergence and rapid spread of unusual DS-1-like G1P[8] rotaviruses in Japan have been recently reported. During rotavirus surveillance in Thailand, three DS-1-like G1P[8] strains (RVA/Human-wt/THA/PCB-180/2013/G1P[8], RVA/Human-wt/THA/SKT-109/2013/G1P[8], and RVA/Human-wt/THA/SSKT-41/2013/G1P[8]) were identified in stool specimens from hospitalized children with severe diarrhea. In this study, we sequenced and characterized the complete genomes of strains PCB-180, SKT-109, and SSKT-41. On whole genomic analysis, all three strains exhibited a unique genotype constellation including both genogroup 1 and 2 genes: G1-P[8]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2. This novel genotype constellation is shared with Japanese DS-1-like G1P[8] strains. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the G/P genes of strains PCB-180, SKT-109, and SSKT-41 appeared to have originated from human Wa-like G1P[8] strains. On the other hand, the non-G/P genes of the three strains were assumed to have originated from human DS-1-like strains. Thus, strains PCB-180, SKT-109, and SSKT-41 appeared to be derived through reassortment event(s) between Wa-like G1P[8] and DS-1-like human rotaviruses. Furthermore, strains PCB-180, SKT-109, and SSKT-41 were found to have the 11-segment genome almost indistinguishable from one another in their nucleotide sequences and phylogenetic lineages, indicating the derivation of the three strains from a common origin. Moreover, all the 11 genes of the three strains were closely related to those of Japanese DS-1-like G1P[8] strains. Therefore, DS-1-like G1P[8] strains that have emerged in Thailand and Japan were assumed to have originated from a recent common ancestor. To our knowledge, this is the first report on whole genome-based characterization of DS-1-like G1P[8] strains that have emerged in an area other than Japan. Our observations will provide important insights into the evolutionary dynamics of emerging DS-1-like G1P[8] rotaviruses.
Highlights
Group A rotavirus (RVA), a member of the Reoviridae family, is the most important etiological agent of severe gastroenteritis in infants and young children
The full-genomic sequences were determined for strains PCB-180, SKT-109, and SSKT-41, which were identified in three fecal specimens from hospitalized children aged 16–49 months with severe diarrhea in Phechaboon and Sukhothai Provinces during the RVA surveillance program in Phechaboon and Sukhothai Provinces, Thailand in 2012–2014, which involved a total of 3002 stool samples (Tacharoenmuang et al, in preparation)
Instead of the long electropherotype found in most Wa-like strains, strains PCB-180, SKT-109, and SSKT-41 had the short electropherotype found in most DS-1-like strains
Summary
Group A rotavirus (RVA), a member of the Reoviridae family, is the most important etiological agent of severe gastroenteritis in infants and young children. The full-genomic sequences were determined for strains PCB-180, SKT-109, and SSKT-41, which were identified in three fecal specimens from hospitalized children aged 16–49 months with severe diarrhea in Phechaboon and Sukhothai Provinces during the RVA surveillance program in Phechaboon and Sukhothai Provinces, Thailand in 2012–2014, which involved a total of 3002 stool samples (Tacharoenmuang et al, in preparation).
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