Abstract
Kiliophora is a hyphomycete genus whose species are involved in leaf litter decomposition. It was originally described with polytretic conidiogenesis. Based on observation of fresh specimens collected in Brazil and bibliographic revision, an emended description is proposed in order to rectify the mode of conidial production. The presence of minute polar extensions at both ends of conidia is stated as a diagnostic generic character. A new species, Kiliophora clavatophora, and a new combination, Kiliophora aseptata, are proposed. The new species is characterized by its conidiophores with clavate apical cell, its ellipsoidal conidiogenous cell and fusiform conidia. A table for comparison of all accepted species is also included.
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