Embryonic mortality in sheep: a review

Pavitra Chundekkad,Barbara Błaszczyk,Tomasz Stankiewicz

doi:10.3906/vet-1907-123

Abstract

Despite extensive research on the reproductive health of domestic animals, embryonic mortality continues to be a problem that brings about significant losses for both commercial breeding and scientific research. This review paper discusses the genetic and environmental factors that affect embryo mortality rates in sheep along with the different techniques developed to overcome this issue. Additionally, one of the objectives of this study is to emphasize the importance of the use of time-lapse cinematography and color Doppler ultrasonography as quick and reliable methods for early detection of pregnancy and embryonic death.

Highlights

Among all mammals, embryonic death is a persisting problem
This study showed that, overall, underfeeding the ewes affected the cleavage of embryos and was found to increase the serum estradiol 17-β (E2) concentration, while overfeeding increased serum insulin levels
Methods for assessment of embryonic mortality At a fundamental level, it is important to analyze the morphology of early embryos to be informed of their quality and the chances of embryonic death

Summary

Introduction

The reasons for the occurrence of this phenomenon are unknown, as it occurs in very early stages of pregnancy or during the preimplantation period. The most common reasons are usually genetic mutations or abnormalities leading to poor embryo quality, hormonal imbalances in the mother, or environmental causes. Extensive research has been done to attempt to tackle this issue; in sheep, our knowledge is limited. Apart from sheep breeding for meeting commercial requirements, it is of great relevance as a model for humans and for other ruminants, and it is necessary to further our understanding in this field. This review covers the latest developments in detection, control, and prevention of embryo mortality in sheep

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Conclusion