Abstract
The development of seeds from the reciprocal crosses between two Japanese represe-ntative species, Iris saleguinea Hornem. (2n=28) and I. Iaevigata Fisch. (2 n=32), was examined embryologically and cytologically, and the following results were obtained: 1) Any viable seeds were not obtained in either of the reciprocal crosses, and there was found an obvious difference of the time of seed failure between the crosses, namely, initial symptoms of seed failure appeared on around 6 and 15 days after pollination in I. IaevigataXI. sanguinea and I. sanguineaxl. Iaevigata, respectively. 2) In the reciprocal crosses, the decisive cause for seed faiiure was degeneration of endosperm, and the endosperm degeneration was ascribed to cytological abnormality of endosperm nuclei, such as abnormal enlargement of nuclei and high frequency of mitotic aberrations involving chromosome bridges and lagging chromosomes. 3) Abnormal growth of maternal tissue, i. e., hypertrophy of nucellus was recognized in I. laevigataxl. saleguinea. Such hypertrophy was attributable to the early degeneration of endosperm. 4) The developmental stages of embryos suitable for initiating the artificial culture were on around 6 and 15 days after pollination for I. Iaevigatax I.sanguileea and I. sanguineaXI. Iaevigata, respectively.
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