Abstract
Campomanesia adamantium is a native plant species of Brazilian Cerrado with diverse economic potential and great medicinal importance. Its sexual propagation is impaired by the recalcitrance of its seeds, which prevents effective and profitable propagation. With the purpose of establishing commercial crops and minimizing the extractive use of vegetal resources, the aim of the present study was to induce embryogenic calli in nodal segments of gabirobeira, and to determine and characterize their embryogenic phase through the establishment of a growth curve based on cellular characteristics. Calli were induced using nodal segments inoculated in WPM culture medium without the addition of hormones (control) and with different concentrations of 2,4-D, IAA, IBA, NAA or picloram. Cytochemical and SEM analyses revealed cellular characteristics of the formation of meristematic centers that indicated 4.14 μM of picloram to be the best treatment for induction of embryogenic calli, and demonstrating their embryogenic potential. The treatment was used to establish a callus growth curve, from which it was inferred that calli should be transferred to new culture media on the 28th day to maintain cell viability
Highlights
The aim of the present study was to induce embryogenic calli in nodal segments of gabirobeira, and to determine and characterize the embryogenic phase using a callus growth curve based on cellular characteristics
Different concentrations of 2,4dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D: 4.52, 9.04 and 18.08 μM), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA: 5.7, 11.4 and 22.8 μM), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA: 4.92, 9.84 and 19.68 μM), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA: 5.37, 10.74 and 21.48 μM), or 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid were added to the culture medium, while a control was established without the addition of growth regulators
The presence of calli was observed in all treatments containing 2,4-D, IAA, IBA, NAA and picloram (Figure 1)
Summary
Studies have demonstrated the species to have medicinal properties including anti-inflammatory, antihyperalgesic and antidepressant actions (Souza et al, 2014), antimicrobial (Sá et al, 2018), as well as antidiarrheal (Lescano et al, 2016) and antileukemic activity, demonstrating therapeutic potential for diseases associated with the proliferation of tumor cells (Campos et al, 2017). Gabirobeira is propagated sexually, the recalcitrance of its seeds hampers this process due to deterioration over time, resulting in a root protrusion rate of less than 50% (Dresch, Scalon, Masetto, & Mussury, 2014). Knowledge about the asexual propagation of this species is still incipient, but holds potential as a viable alternative for its entry into the consumer market and the preservation of the species it its natural state (Dresch, Masetto, Jeromini, & Scalon, 2017; Araújo & Souza, 2018; Oliveira, Silva, Costa Netto, Silva, & Silva, 2011)
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