Embolization with more diluted glue-lipiodol in patients with massive hemoptysis: single center experience results.

Abstract

The aim of the study was to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of bronchial artery embolization (BAE) with more diluted N-butyl-2- cyanoacrylate (NBCA) in patients with massive hemoptysis. In this retrospective study, there are 48 patients who underwent NBCA and BAE for massive hemoptysis between March 2018 and September 2021. Demographic data, technical and clinical results, immediate hemoptysis control, recurrent hemoptysis and complications were evaluated. The technical success rate and immediate hemoptysis control were achieved in 97.9% and 93.7%, respectively. The 3 patients who were exitus within the first 10 days were removed from the follow-up range. During the follow-up period (range, 5 months-42 months; median, 27.5 months), recurrent hemoptysis was found in 3 of the 45 patients (6.6 %). Since 1 patient refused and one patient died within the first 24 hours, repeated BAE procedures were performed in 4 patients. A total of 55 sessions of BAE with NBCA was performed to 48 patients. The underlying diseases causing hemoptysis were determined to be bronchiectasis (n=16), tuberculosis (n=8), neoplasm (n=7), aspergilloma (n=3), and arteriovenous malformation (n=2). In 4 patients, bronchiectasis and tuberculosis were present together and in 8 patients, the cause could not be specified. In conclusion, BAE with more diluted NBCA is a safe and effective embolization method. In addition, the use of more diluted NBCA reduces the recurrence rates in patients with hemoptysis.