Embellicines A and B: Absolute Configuration and NF-κB Transcriptional Inhibitory Activity

Abstract

Two new metabolites, embellicines A and B (1 and 2), were isolated from the EtOAc extract of the fungus Embellisia eureka , an endophyte of the Moroccan plant Cladanthus arabicus (Asteraceae). The structures of these new compounds were determined on the basis of extensive one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy as well as by high-resolution mass spectrometry. The absolute configuration of embellicine A (1) was determined by TDDFT ECD calculations of solution conformers, whereas that of embellicine B (2) was deduced based on ROESY correlations and on biogenetic considerations in comparison to 1. Both embellicines (1 and 2) are cytostatic, cytotoxic, and inhibit NF-κB transcriptional activity, indicating that inhibition of NF-κB may be a possible mechanism of action of these compounds. Embellicine B (2) was the most active compound encountered in this study and acts at nanomolar concentrations without affecting tumor microenvironment.