Abstract
In this paper, the traffic congestion is detected in a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) environment based on the vehicle to infrastructure architecture. The proposed work is validated through hardware implementation using AVR family microcontrollers. In the proposed work, the road congestion module consists of a central node (CN), a road side (RS) module and a number of on-board (OB) modules. The OB modules are installed in the vehicles and RS module is installed on the road side infrastructure. The OB modules and the RS modules are designed based on ATmega8 microcontrollers and the CN module design is based on ATmega32 microcontroller. Different significant attributes such as speed, braking frequency, rain, and fog are incorporated in the controller for congestion detection. In the proposed work, the OB module of each of the vehicles communicates with the RS module that sends information to the CN module for an overall estimation of congestion. The proposed work is specially designed to detect congestion within a distance of 500 metres only. However, the distance can be extended to 10-15 kilometres with the incorporation of a Zigbee Module.
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