Abstract
The IPv6 routing protocol for low power and lossy networks (RPL) has some shortcomings, such as high packet loss rate and low network lifetime when used in Internet-of-Things (IoT) environments under heavy traffic. To overcome the RPL limitations, the current research tends to focus on a new paradigm of routing, referred to as Anycast Routing, in which a source node targets a set of destinations rather than a single one. In this article, we present a protocol that exploits the anycast perspective in the routing process since an important aspect of most IoT environments is to forward packets to a gateway, no matter which. Besides, we interconnect various instances of RPL to achieve better routing performance by offering the possibility of cooperation among various simultaneous instances of RPL within the network. Finally, to reach higher performance, we use a rank computation and parent selection mechanism that is different from those of the RPL. The evaluation results, which are obtained through simulation with the Cooja simulator, show that EM-RPL outperforms RPL in reducing the environmental footprint of the network, while it extends the network lifetime, decreases packet loss ratio, and better controls interpacket intervals and parent change overhead.
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