Abstract
Penicillium expansum causing blue mold disease is one of the most important pathogens of pome fruit and is a necrotrophic fungus that requires wounds to infect the fruit. In the present study, the efficacy of etidot-67 and borax decahydrate against P. expansum were evaluated in both in vitro and in in vivo . In in vitro experiments, both etidot-67 and borax decahydrate strongly inhibited mycelial growth, spore germination and germ tube elongation of P. expansum . The inhibitory effects of both salts were closely correlated with their increasing concentrations. While boron salts completely inhibited the mycelial growth of P. expansum at %0.25 concentration, these salts completely inhibited spore germination and germ tube elongation of the fungus at %0.125 concentration. Additionally, it was determined that the toxicity of the salts tested were close to each other, namely EC 50 values of Etidot-67 and borax decahydrate were 0.067 and 0.071, respectively. While the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) values of the etidot-67 and borax decahydrate were %0.25, the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values of the same salts were found to be greater than 1%. In in vivo experiments, blue mold development in apple fruits treated with 3.0% concentration of etidot-67 and borax decahydrate after fungal inoculation (curative activity) was significantly reduced by %92.8 and %78.9, respectively, compared with the control treatment (P<0.05). However, at same concentration, lesion area on apple fruits treated with the salts before inoculation with the fungus (1x10 4 conidia mL -1 ) (preventive activity) reduced by %94.3 and %98.3, respectively. These results show that both boron salts can be used as a potential alternative to synthetic fungicides for the control of the postharvest disease of apple fruit caused by P. expansum .
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