Abstract
The elliptical flow of fragments is studied for different systems at incident energies between 50 and 1000 MeV/nucleon using the isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics (IQMD) model. Our findings reveal that elliptical flow shows a transition from positive (in-plane) to negative (out-of-plane) values in the midrapidity region at a certain incident energy known as the transition energy. This transition energy is found to depend on the model ingredients, size of the fragments, and composite mass of the reacting system as well as on the impact parameter of the reaction. A reasonable agreement is observed for the excitation function of elliptical flow between the data and our calculations. Interestingly, the transition energy is found to exhibit a power-law mass dependence.
Highlights
The information about the nature of equation of state is still one of the burning topic of present day nuclear physics research in general and heavy-ion collisions in particular
Quite good progress has been made in the recent years in determining the nuclear equation of state from heavy-ion reactions [1, 2]
The directed flow, which measures the collective motion of the particles in the reaction plane, has been studied extensively at BEVALAC, SIS and AGS energies [10]
Summary
The information about the nature of equation of state is still one of the burning topic of present day nuclear physics research in general and heavy-ion collisions in particular. Quite good progress has been made in the recent years in determining the nuclear equation of state from heavy-ion reactions [1, 2]. A lot of theoretical and experimental efforts have been made in studying the collective flow in heavy-ion collisions [3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. This collective motion of the particles in heavy-ion collision can be studied via directed and elliptical flows.
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