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Abstract
Various efforts have been made to overcome Doppler broadening in hyperfine measurement limitations in the atomic vapors spectroscopy and associated applications. The present study measured and calculated hyperfine resolved ellipsometric parameters through the near-normal reflectance spectra of the rubidium vapor cell in two experimental setups based on continuous and modulated pathway. The results indicated that valuable information could be extracted from the ellipsometric parameters about the atomic medium. Change in the ellipsometric parameters in each transition line confirms the existence of the elliptical polarization of the reflected light when it is exposed to the alkali metal vapor. Our results show that the ellipticity at 5S1/2 (Fg = 1, 2) → 5P1/2 (Fe = 1, 2) hyperfine transitions of 87Rb (D1 line) is small, and accordingly hyperfine transitions between the ground 5S1/2 (Fg = 2, 3) and excited 5P1/2 (Fe = 2, 3) states of the 85Rb isotope are considerable. These ellipsometric parameters, as phase difference, can trace the behavior of the relative orientation of the electric field and atom velocity in the interface based on van der Waals dipole–dipole interaction and is directly proportional to the strength of the light-matter interaction which extremely useful instead complicated atomic spectroscopic methods.
Highlights
Various efforts have been made to overcome Doppler broadening in hyperfine measurement limitations in the atomic vapors spectroscopy and associated applications
The use of miniaturized or nanometric atomic ensembles accompanying selective reflection spectroscopy are very useful to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio of light–matter interaction[13,14]. As another possible way to enhance resolution, there is another basic aspect of ellipsometric spectroscopy, which is an optical technique for evaluating the dielectric properties of the targeted sample by recording its reflection under p- and s-polarized incident lights in different media like as the atomic vapor cell
The calculation included all hyperfine transitions of the D 1 line of the two isotopes of natural Rb
Summary
The reflection spectrum of both s- and p-polarized light beams from the surface of our main Rb cell was required to calculate ellipsometric data. We theoretically have the reflectance in each polarization and simulated ellipsometric parameters if we obtain the refractive index of the medium. To complete this survey, we derive the electric susceptibility spectrum of Rb alkali atoms including all hyperfine transitions. The calculated electric susceptibility and refractive index are complex parameters which have real and imaginary parts, each of which represents distinct physical facts to demonstrate the amount of dispersion and absorption, respectively. The difference between the recorded phase of S- and P-polarized reflected signals was investigated as Δ
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