Abstract
Geomagnetic fingerprint has been actively studied because of the high signal stability and positioning resolution even when the time has elapsed. However, since the measured three-axis geomagnetism signals at one position are irregular according to the change of the azimuth angle, a large-sized database which is stored magnitudes per angles is required for robust and accurate positioning against the change of the azimuth angle. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a novel approach, an elliptic coefficient map based geomagnetic fingerprint. Unlike the general fingerprint, which stores strength or magnitude of the geomagnetism signals depending on the position, the proposed algorithm minimized the size of databased by storing the Ellipse coefficient map through the ellipse equation derived from the characteristics of 2-D magnetic vectors depending on the position. In addition, the curvature bias of ellipse was reduced by applying the normalized linear least-squares method to 2-D geomagnetic characteristics and the positioning accuracy was improved by applying the weighted geomagnetic signal equalization method.
Highlights
Fingerprint is a representative indoor positioning method that uses the difference of measured signal strength such as Wi-Fi [1], BLE (Bluetooth low energy) [2], geomagnetic [3,4,5] according to the location
In this paper, we propose an ellipse coefficient map (ECM)-based using Fingerprint based on the ellipse equation (UFEE) that integrates
Construct the ellipseand coefficient map, and other data points were used for positioning each intensity fingerprint (MGIF), andthe the average15 value of the geomagnetic intensity with the blue dotbased the line are a method using magnitudes of the geomagnetic intensitytotal based fingerprint respect to all directions at the same position is constructed as a database and the location is estimated reference point
Summary
Fingerprint is a representative indoor positioning method that uses the difference of measured signal strength such as Wi-Fi [1], BLE (Bluetooth low energy) [2], geomagnetic [3,4,5] according to the location. It is essential that a database is required but it is advantageous to apply to the complex indoor space because it is robust against. The geomagnetic fingerprint does not need to install separate APs (access points) in the indoor space unlike Wi-Fi, Zigbee, BLE, etc. WiFi-based positioning is not affected by azimuth angle, but many geomagnetic signals require a database because the signal varies according to the azimuth angle. It is very difficult to estimate the initial start position without fixed AP
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