Abstract
To facilitate containment of the COVID-19 pandemic currently active in the United States and across the world, options for easy, non-invasive antibody testing are required. Here we have adapted a commercially available, serum-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for use with saliva samples, achieving 84.2% sensitivity and 100% specificity in a set of 149 clinical samples. This strategy will enable widespread, affordable testing for patients who experienced this disease, whilst minimizing exposure risk for healthcare workers.
Highlights
To facilitate containment of the COVID-19 pandemic currently active in the United States and across the world, options for easy, non-invasive antibody testing are required
For IgG antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), saliva samples correctly identified 102 of the 103 seropositive individuals tested[10]
Available SARS-CoV-2 serum-based antibody detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits from Gold Standard Diagnostics (GSD) and EuroImmun (EI), which detect the nucleocapsid (N) and spike (S) SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins respectively, were evaluated for their efficacy in detecting IgA and IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in clinical serum samples (Fig. 1)
Summary
To facilitate containment of the COVID-19 pandemic currently active in the United States and across the world, options for easy, non-invasive antibody testing are required. We have adapted a commercially available, serum-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for use with saliva samples, achieving 84.2% sensitivity and 100% specificity in a set of 149 clinical samples This strategy will enable widespread, affordable testing for patients who experienced this disease, whilst minimizing exposure risk for healthcare workers. Antibody detection is typically performed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on patient serum samples Collection of these samples requires the use of trained phlebotomists which limits the ability to test a large patient population. In testing for the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the US, the Centers for Disease Control and Protection have expanded their recommended sample type options to include several upper respiratory tract specimen types[6]. For IgG antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), saliva samples correctly identified 102 of the 103 seropositive individuals tested[10]
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