Eliciting Higher Maximal and Submaximal Cardiorespiratory Responses During a New Taekwondo-Specific Aerobic Test.

Abstract

To propose and validate new taekwondo-specific cardiopulmonary exercise tests. Twelve male national-level taekwondo athletes (age 20 [2]y, body mass 67.5 [5.7]kg, height 175 [8]cm, and training experience 7 [3]y) performed 3 separate exercise tests in a randomized counterbalanced order: (1)a treadmill running cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) and (2)continuous and (3)interval taekwondo-specific cardiopulmonary exercise tests (cTKDet and iTKDet, respectively). The CPET was administered using an individualized ramp protocol. Taekwondo tests comprised sequences of turning kicks performed on a stationary target. The impacts were recorded via an electronic scoring sensor used in official competition. Stages on the cTKDet and iTKDet lasted 1 min and progressively reduced the kick interval duration. These were guided by a sound signal, starting with 4.6 s between kicks and reducing by 0.4 s every minute until the test ended. Oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]), heart rate (HR), capillary blood lactate, and ratings of perceived exertion were measured. Modest differences were identified in [Formula: see text] between the tests (F2,22 = 3.54; P = .046; effect size [ES] = 0.16). Maximal HR (HRmax) was higher during both taekwondo tests (F2,22 = 14.3; P = .001; ES = 1.14) compared with CPET. Specific tests also yielded higher responses in the first ventilatory threshold [Formula: see text] (F2,22 = 6.5; P = .04; ES = 0.27) and HR (F2,22 = 12.3; P < .001; ES = 1.06), and HR at the second ventilatory threshold (F2,22 = 5.7; P = .02; ES = 0.72). Taekwondo-specific cardiopulmonary tests enhance the validity of some cardiopulmonary responses and might therefore be considered to optimize routine diagnostic testing and training prescription for this athletic group.