Elicitation of phenylpropanoids in maqui (Aristotelia chilensis [Mol.] Stuntz) plants micropropagated in photomixotrophic temporary immersion bioreactors (TIBs)

Laura Arru,Débora Alburquenque,Evelyn Villagra,Aleydis Gómez,Daniela Gajardo,Makarena Rojas,Giulia E. Trentini,Ariel D. Arencibia

doi:10.1007/s11240-021-02097-0

Abstract

A biotechnological system for the production of plants biomass and phenylpropanoids of maqui was developed in photomixotrophic TIBs. The in vitro maqui multiplication was evaluated using combinations of TDZ and BAP in TIBs 1L capacity. Treatment of MS basal supplemented with TDZ 1 mg/L shows the best results for the variables fresh weight and multiplication rate. Photomixotrophic conditions were standardized in media with 3%, 2%, 1%, 0% sucrose at a light intensity of 100 µM m−2 s−1. The treatments reduced in sucrose (1 and 2%) and air supplemented with 0.4 MPa CO2 do not differ significantly in biomass production (fresh weight per cluster of plants) compared to the control treatment with sucrose 3% and standard air. Treatment with ABA (1 m/l) induced the production and accumulation of phenylpropanoids metabolites in maqui cultures bioreactors. Phenylpropanoids in in vitro biomass of maqui and culture medium from TIBs were determined in parallel with control samples from wild plants and mature fruits. After the third day of analysis, not significant differences in polyphenols and anthocyanin contents were verified between the treatments of maqui in TIBs + ABA and controls. The non-significant differences in the contents of polyphenols and anthocyanin were maintained until the 15 days of analysis. The antioxidant capacity comparing samples of maqui in bioreactors and wild plants showed no significant differences by the ORAC test from day 5 to day 15 of the study. Results originate an optimized methodology that was scale to SETIS™ bioreactors of 5L capacity. For the first time maqui micropropagation has been established in TIBs followed by elicitation of phenylpropanoids metabolites. Contents of metabolites from maqui in TIBs do not differ from those of wild fruits, while antioxidant capacity of phenylpropanoids was preserved during the study.

Highlights

Temporary Immersion Bioreactors (TIBs) technology was introduced some years ago for mass propagation in different plant species (Ziv 2005; Paek et al 2005)
This paper reports the establishment of photomixotrophic TIBS cultures of maqui (Aristotelia chilensis [Mol.] Stuntz), which were induced for phenylpropanoids production
At 30 days of multiplication, the results show significant differences between the treatments studied in the variables fresh weight (FW) and multiplication rate (MR), while no significant differences were observed in the variables plant length (PL) and number of internodes per plant

Summary

Introduction

Temporary Immersion Bioreactors (TIBs) technology was introduced some years ago for mass propagation in different plant species (Ziv 2005; Paek et al 2005) This approach displays some distinctiveness advantages where the most important is the yield improvement during the plant micropropagation process to achieve highquality production combined with a reduced impact on the environment. TIBs technology is based on the cultivation of plant cells and tissues in closed bottles but with greater contact with filtered (sterile) air that it can be renewed frequently together with the culture medium Both plant immersion in the culture medium and air changes follow an automated program depending on the species/genotypes growing in the bioreactor (Ziv et al 2005). TIBs have been useful for obtaining phenylpropanoids as bioproducts with elicitor activity of plant defense mechanisms in tomato and sugarcane (Yang et al 2010; Arencibia et al 2012)

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Results

Conclusion