Abstract
Abstract. The influence of man-made activity on the ionosphere may be very important. The effects induced by the Power Line Harmonic Radiation (PLHR) may change the natural wave activity and/or the ionospheric plasma components. One goal of the ionospheric satellite DEMETER launched in June 2004 is to study the ionospheric perturbations which could be related to this anthropogenic activity. As the first step, the paper presents Tram Lines (TL) which have been observed on board DEMETER with frequency intervals close to 50 Hz or 16 Hz 2/3 (the current frequency of the railways). When it is observable the frequency drift of these TL is very slow. It is shown that these events occur during periods of strong or moderate magnetic activity. A wave propagation analysis indicates that the TL observed below the low cutoff frequency of the hiss which is simultaneously present are coming from a region below the satellite. The conclusion is that these TL observed by DEMETER are produced by PLHR or radiation of railways lines.
Highlights
The Power Line Harmonic Radiation (PLHR) are the ELF and VLF waves radiated by electric power systems at the harmonic frequencies of 50 or 60 Hz
The aim of this paper is to present events recorded by the ionospheric satellite DEMETER which was launched in June 2004
DEMETER is a low orbiting satellite devoted to the study of ionospheric perturbations induced by geophysical activities and manmade activities (VLF transmitters, PLHR, etc.)
Summary
The Power Line Harmonic Radiation (PLHR) are the ELF and VLF waves radiated by electric power systems at the harmonic frequencies of 50 or 60 Hz. Evidence of PLHR propagation in the magnetosphere was first observed on the ground (Helliwell et al, 1975; Helliwell, 1979; Park and Helliwell, 1981; Matthews and Yearby, 1981; Yearby et al, 1983). Direct observations by satellites are rather rare and shown in few papers (Koons et al, 1978; Bell et al, 1982; Tomizawa and Yoshino, 1985; Parrot, 1994; Rodger et al, 1995). The aim of this paper is to present events recorded by the ionospheric satellite DEMETER which was launched in June 2004. Four events showing ELF magnetospheric lines are presented in Sect.
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