Elevation in Plasma Gamma Glutamyltransferase in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a complex metabolic disorder resulting in adverse effect of both maternal and fetal outcome. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of GDM owing to inducing insulin resistance in the peripheral tissue and impairing insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cell. Oxidative stress is the condition of increased free radical activity and high lipid oxidation. GGT may be used as an indicator of the GDM. High level of GGT is emerging as a new risk factor for metabolic syndrome, which is cheap, rapid and easily available parameter for monitoring the patients with GDM. In this study, we enrolled 66 patients divided into two groups; GDM and normal pregnant women each having 33 subjects. We measured GGT and established its relationship with various parameters. The mean age of difference between two groups was statistically not significant (p˃0.05). Chi-square test showed association of family history of diabetes mellitus were 27.27% and 6.06%, respectively in GDM and normal pregnancy group, which was statistically significant (p˂0.05). Pearson's Correlation coefficients were 0.38, 0.57, 0.11, 0.46 between GGT and fasting blood sugar (FBS) 2hr PG after 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and age. Our study revealed that GGT is higher in GDM group than in normal pregnancy group. It has also positive correlation with FBS and 2hr PG after 75g OGTT. Therefore, it can be used as an indicator of GDM and also monitoring these patients for metabolic syndrome.