Abstract
Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a commonest systemic vasculitis in childhood. The long-term prognosis of HSP is determined by the degree of renal involvement. The aim of this study is to search novel clinically applicable biomarkers to evaluate renal involvement in HSP patients. 20 bio-indexes in urine samples were simultaneously screened by antibody array assay. We indicated that urinary levels of cystatin C (Cys C) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in HSP patients with renal involvement were significantly higher than those without renal involvement and healthy controls. Furthermore, ELISA was used to analyze urinary Cys C and NGAL levels in HSP patients with or without renal involvement, atopic dermatitis (AD) patients and healthy controls. Our results demonstrated that urinary Cys C and NGAL levels in HSP patients with renal involvement were significantly elevated, when compared with those without renal involvement, AD patients and control subjects. In addition, by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, we demonstrated that the area under the ROC curve of NGAL (0.789) was larger than that of Cys C (0.692). Taken together, we show firstly that urinary Cys C and NGAL levels is abnormally elevated in HSP patients with renal involvement. We suggest that urinary Cys C and NGAL are novel useful biomarkers of renal involvement in HSP patients.
Highlights
Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) is a commonest systemic vasculitis in childhood with purpuric rash, arthritis, renal involvement and abdominal pain
Increased urinary levels of cystatin C (Cys C) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in HSP patients with renal involvement First, 20 bio-indexes were simultaneously detected by using Human Acute Kidney Injury Antibody Array
We demonstrated that the urinary levels of albumin, b2-microglobulin, Cys C and NGAL in the urinary samples from HSP2 group were detectable
Summary
Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) is a commonest systemic vasculitis in childhood with purpuric rash, arthritis, renal involvement and abdominal pain. It has been known as an immune complex-mediated disease characterized by circulating immune complexes containing immunoglobulin A (IgA) predominantly depositing on small vessel wall. The most frequent complication of HSP is renal involvement, which can appear at onset or during the course of this disease. It has been noticed that HSP is the most prevalent etiology of secondary glomerulonephritis in children [2]. Serum creatinine measurement is often used to evaluate HSP patients. Serum creatinine is a delayed and insensitive index for the detection of renal involvement in HSP patients
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