Abstract
This case was described briefly in a recent book chapter (Lennox AM, Fecteau KA: 2014, Endocrine disease. In: BSAVA Manual of Rabbit Medicine, eds. Meredith A, Lord B, pp 274–276. British Small Animal Veterinary Association, Gloucester, UK). In the previous description, the tumor was described as a pheochromocytoma; however, further evaluation suggested that it more closely resembled an adrenal cortical adenoma. A 10-year-old, spayed female rabbit was presented for a behavior change of 8 months’ duration. The rabbit was inappropriately urinating and defecating, as well as demonstrating aggressive behaviors such as chasing, biting, and mounting various objects. The rabbit had elevated progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and testosterone concentrations, and ultrasound examination of the abdomen showed a round, homogenous nodule measuring 1.1 × 0.8 × 0.9 cm in the region of the left adrenal gland. Necropsy revealed a unilateral adrenal cortical adenoma. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first complete description of a female rabbit with an adrenal cortical adenoma documented in the literature.
Highlights
A 10-year-old, spayed female rabbit was presented for a behavior change of 8 months’ duration
In the brain were multifocal areas in the meninges where blood vessels were surrounded by small numbers of lymphocytes and plasma cells. These areas extended into the VirchowRobin spaces of the underlying neuropil, with rare foci of Adrenocortical disease associated with elevated sex hormones has been diagnosed in many species, including canines, felines, ferrets, and humans [3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
Adrenocortical disease associated with elevated sex hormones has been infrequently reported in rabbits: in 5 male and 1 additional female rabbit [5, 6, 9]
Summary
A 10-year-old, spayed female rabbit was presented for a behavior change of 8 months’ duration. The rabbit had elevated progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and testosterone concentrations, and ultrasound examination of the abdomen showed a round, homogenous nodule measuring 1.1 × 0.8 × 0.9 cm in the region of the left adrenal gland. Due to the combination of clinical signs, elevated sex hormones, and a potential adrenal gland nodule, adrenal cortical disease was suspected.
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