Abstract
Background Heightened impulsivity has been reported in a subset of people with Parkinson's disease (PwP) and is considered a risk factor for the development of impulse control disorders (ICDs). However, at present, there are no recognised biochemical markers of heightened impulsivity. Objectives To determine if ceruloplasmin, a serum marker involved in the regulation of iron and copper homeostasis, is associated with trait impulsivity in PwP. Methods The study measured serum ceruloplasmin and impulsivity using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) in an Australian cohort of 214 PwP. Multivariate general linear models (GLMs) were used to identify whether higher serum ceruloplasmin levels (>75th percentile) were significantly predictive of BIS-11 scores. Results Serum ceruloplasmin was higher in females with PD (p < 0.001) and associated with MDS-UPDRS III, Hoehn and Yahr, and ACE-R scores (p < 0.05). When correcting for covariates, higher serum ceruloplasmin concentrations were associated with the 2nd order nonplanning impulsivity and with the 1st order self-control and cognitive complexity impulsivity domains. Conclusions Higher serum ceruloplasmin levels are independently associated with heightened nonplanning impulsivity in PwP. Thus, serum ceruloplasmin levels may have clinical utility as a marker for heightened impulsivity in PD.
Highlights
Impulsive behaviours in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) have attracted increasing recognition as a burdensome neuropsychiatric manifestation of PD
Serum ceruloplasmin levels ranged from 0.10 g/L to 0.49 g/L; females appeared to show a greater variability of distribution than males
Identification of a serum marker would serve as a useful clinical tool in objectively identifying individuals who are at greater risk of developing impulse control disorders (ICDs), those who are being treated with a dopamine agonists (DAs)
Summary
Impulsive behaviours in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) have attracted increasing recognition as a burdensome neuropsychiatric manifestation of PD. Identified in a subset of PwP, heightened impulsivity represents a risk factor for a variety of impulse control disorders (ICDs) [2, 6]. Heightened impulsivity has been reported in a subset of people with Parkinson’s disease (PwP) and is considered a risk factor for the development of impulse control disorders (ICDs). A serum marker involved in the regulation of iron and copper homeostasis, is associated with trait impulsivity in PwP. E study measured serum ceruloplasmin and impulsivity using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) in an Australian cohort of 214 PwP. When correcting for covariates, higher serum ceruloplasmin concentrations were associated with the 2nd order nonplanning impulsivity and with the 1st order self-control and cognitive complexity impulsivity domains. Higher serum ceruloplasmin levels are independently associated with heightened nonplanning impulsivity in PwP
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