Abstract
Aim Little is known about the association between cancer antigen 125 (MUC16/CA125) concentrations and tumor diameter of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and low AFP levels. To fill this gap in our knowledge, we conducted a retrospective study of 427 patients with HCC with AFP ≤200 ng/mL who underwent R0 resection at our center. Methods The associations between CA125 concentrations and patients' clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed. Survival vs CA125 levels was also evaluated between patient groups with CA125 ≤30 U/mL or CA125 >30 U/mL. Independent risk factors of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed with Cox hazard regression model. Results Elevated preoperative serum CA125 was significantly associated with maximal tumor diameter (MTD) >5 cm and female sex (P < 0.001 and P=0.044, respectively). The DFS and OS of patients with CA125 ≤30 U/mL (n = 392) were significantly higher compared with those with CA125 >30 U/mL (n = 35) (P=0.003 and P=0.001 respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that MTD >5 cm was an independent risk factor of DFS (HR = 1.891, 95% CI: 1.379–2.592, P < 0.001) and OS (2.709, 1.848–3.972, P < 0.001). Conclusions In conclusion, elevated preoperative serum CA125 predicted larger tumor diameter and poor prognosis after patients with HCC with AFP ≤200 ng/mL underwent R0 resection, which may be explained by the elevation of the preoperative serum CA125 level significantly associated with MTD>5 cm.
Highlights
Liver cancer is the sixth most commonly diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death worldwide in 2018 [1]
We analyzed the correlation between CA125 concentrations and clinicopathological characteristics of the CA125 ≤30 U/mL and the CA125 >30 U/mL groups
We found that elevated preoperative serum CA125 concentrations were associated with maximal tumor diameter (MTD) >5 cm and female sex (Table 2)
Summary
Liver cancer is the sixth most commonly diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death worldwide in 2018 [1]. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequently occurring types of liver cancer, with more than 700,000 new cases per year worldwide [2]. It is well known that measurement of tumor size in patients with HCC before hepatectomy mainly depends on imaging examination. It is often affected by the physiological activities of some organs, such as respiratory movement, cardiac beat, digestive tract peristalsis, and so on, forming artifacts and affecting observation. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging have been researched for the detection and characterization of hepatocarcinogenesis [4]. The necessity of repetition and radiation may be burdensome to patients
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