Elevated level of the soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products involved in sarcopenia: an observational study

Shou-En Wu,Yi-Lin Chiu,Tung-Wei Kao,Wei-Liang Chen

doi:10.1186/s12877-021-02487-1

Shou-En Wu, Yi-Lin Chiu + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-021-02487-1

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Abstract

BackgroundThe soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) has been proposed to serve as a marker for disease severity, but its role in sarcopenia, an age-related progressive loss of muscle mass and function, remains elusive. This study examines the association between sRAGE and sarcopenia.MethodsA total of 314 community-dwelling elderly adults who had their health examination at Tri-Service General Hospital from 2017 to 2019 underwent protein analysis with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The relationship with sarcopenia and its detailed information, including components and diagnosis status, were examined using linear and logistic regressions.ResultsAs for sarcopenia components, low muscle mass (β = 162.8, p = 0.012) and strength (β = 181.31, p = 0.011) were significantly correlated with sRAGE, but not low gait speed (p = 0.066). With regard to disease status, confirmed sarcopenia (β = 436.93, p < 0.001), but not probable (p = 0.448) or severe sarcopenia (p = 0.488), was significantly correlated with sRAGE. In addition, females revealed a stronger association with sRAGE level by showing significant correlations with low muscle mass (β = 221.72, p = 0.014) and low muscle strength (β = 208.68, p = 0.043).ConclusionssRAGE level showed a positive association with sarcopenia, illustrating its involvement in the evolution of sarcopenia. This association is more evident in female groups, which may be attributed to the loss of protection from estrogen in postmenopausal women. Utilizing sRAGE level as a prospective marker for sarcopenia deserves further investigation in future studies.

Highlights

The soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products has been proposed to serve as a marker for disease severity, but its role in sarcopenia, an age-related progressive loss of muscle mass and function, remains elusive
This study has been approved by the institutional review board (IRB) of Tri-Service General Hospital (TSGH), and informed consents from participants were waived by the IRB with the assurance of anonymity and minimal risk throughout the analysis
Of the 335 total participants, we excluded those with insufficient necessary information for this study, including components of sarcopenia (skeletal muscle mass index(SMI), grip strength, and gait speed) and plasma levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE)

Summary

Introduction

The soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) has been proposed to serve as a marker for disease severity, but its role in sarcopenia, an age-related progressive loss of muscle mass and function, remains elusive. One of the multiple mechanisms of sarcopenia is attributed to chronic inflammation and accumulation of reactive oxygen species in muscle tissue [9, 10], which is exactly the known combat maneuver of AGEs, and the relationship within has been illustrated in previous literature [11, 12]. This raises our interest of whether sRAGE is involved in the battle of sarcopenia. Our study provides a comprehensive investigation at both the gene expression level from a representative genetic database and at the protein level using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

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