Abstract
The article deals with the life and work of Eleutherius (Bogoyavlensky), the Archbishop (from 1928 on — Metropolitan) of Lithuania and Wilno. Under the conditions of political separation of the territories of the former Western dioceses of the Russian Orthodox Church from Russia, His Eminence Eleutherius made every effort in order to prevent withdrawal of his diocese from the jurisdiction of the Moscow Patriarchate. The situation was aggravated by separation of the Wilno district, occupied and annexed in the early nineteen-twenties by Poland, from the rest of Lithuania and, accordingly, the Lithuanian diocese. Among all other Orthodox structures of the former Western borderlands of the Russian Empire, the Orthodox parishes in Lithuania, due to activities of His Grace Eleutherius and his associates, remained the only ones that retained canonical ties with the Mother-Church.
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