Elements of technology of cultivation of winter wheat in the steppe zone of North Ossetiа — Alania

Abstract

Relevance. The article presents the results of research on some possibilities of solving the actual problems of agricultural production of winter grain crops in the Republic of North Ossetia — Alania. In particular, the article is devoted to the study of the influence of growth regulators Stabilan and HEFC, BP. Methods. Field experiments were carried out in the rain-fed conditions of the steppe zone of the Mozdok district, in the scientific and production department of the SKNIIGPSH VNC RAS “Oktyabrsky”, located in the village. The studies were conducted according to generally accepted methods. Results. According to the results of the conducted studies, it was proved that the treatment with growth stimulators contributed to an increase in the density of standing plants. The period of tubulation in all the experimental plots came in the first decade of May. With the use of growth regulators HEFC and Stabilan, the plants came into ear 2–3 days later than in the control variant. In the following phases of development — flowering, milky-waxy and full maturity — the same trend was observed. It was found that the grain yield increases, the increase in relation to the control was up to 1.36 t/ha. The use of growth regulators Stabilan and HEFC for the studied varieties of winter wheat respectively showed the highest mass of 1000 grains. The highest grain size was determined for the Alekseich variety — 789 g/l and for the Adel variety — 782 g/l, on the variant with the use of the HEFC growth regulator. The highest yield was obtained on the variant with the use of the HEFC growth regulator — 4.63 t/ha. The highest index in terms of protein content was found in the Alekseich variety — 16.0%, while the Adel variety has the same indicator at 15.31%. The largest percentage of ash in the studied varieties was found in the control variant. The calculation of economic efficiency allowed us to determine that with a maximum yield of 4.63 t/ha in the variant with the use of the HEFC growth regulator on the Alekseich variety, the conditional net income was 15.1 thousand rubles/ha, with a level of production profitability of 48.2%. In a similar variant with the Adel variety the yield was 4.43 t/ha with a level of production profitability of 41.5%.