Abstract
21st century education is now facing many challenges. Among the challenges of 21st century education are to provide learning that focuses on thinking skills at a high level, and the challenges of labour after finishing school. Therefore, this study was carried out to develop the framework of modern learning skills in the technical and vocational education system in Malaysia. Respondents comprised 367 students in technical and vocational institutions in Malaysia. Random sampling is easy to use. Questionnaire instruments using Likert scales 1 to 3 are used to obtain feedback from respondents. Overall, the reliability of the acceptable questionnaire with the Alpha Cronbach value of 22 domains is greater than .70 which is .80 and meets the normality test requirements. Furthermore, the data obtained is processed through the confirmatory factors analysis to develop a modern learning skills framework. The study found that there were 12 domains that were maintained to develop the framework. The results of the study showed the equivalent index value was equivalent to p=0.000, the relative value of chi-square coincided with 3,827, for the GFI value was .914, while for the value of CFI was .941. Share the values of TLI .928 and RMSEA is .088. Therefore, the modern learning skills framework can be developed with 12 domains.
Highlights
Secondary School Standard Curriculum (KSSM) which has been implemented gradually since 2017 is aimed at meeting the needs of the new policy under the Malaysian Education Development Plan 2013-2025 in making the quality of the curriculum comparable to international standards (PKK Curriculum Development Center, 2016)
Research Methods Population and Sample Population is a recruitment of a group of individuals or objects (Suriani, 2016)
According to Croswell (2012) states that the population is a group of individuals with similar characteristics in accordance with the purpose of the study while the sample is a small group of target populations that will representthe population
Summary
Secondary School Standard Curriculum (KSSM) which has been implemented gradually since 2017 is aimed at meeting the needs of the new policy under the Malaysian Education Development Plan 2013-2025 in making the quality of the curriculum comparable to international standards (PKK Curriculum Development Center, 2016). There are important elements in the curriculum including six curriculum frameworks (communication, spirituality, attitude and values, humanity,self-esteem, physical and aesthetic development as well as science and technology) knowledge integration, skills and values and application of 21st century skills and high level thinking skills are recommended to give birth to a balanced and harmonious student body intellectual, spiritual, emotional and physical (PPK, 2016). Recognizing the importance of learning skills, it is a requirement for teachers to apply appropriate methods to develop a variety of skills for students. Elements of Modern Learning Skills In the 21st century, there have been many changes taking place globally. This applies to education (Nordin, 2017).
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