Elemental imaging by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy to evaluate selenium enrichment effects in edible mushrooms

Aline Pereira De Oliveira,Juliana Naozuka,Flávio De Oliveira Leme,Cassiana Seimi Nomura

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-47338-7

Aline Pereira De Oliveira, Juliana Naozuka + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-47338-7

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Abstract

Mushrooms are bioaccumulating organisms commonly used in selenium (Se) enrichment studies. However, the addition of Se in the culture medium may alter the distribution of other essential elements in the mushroom fruiting body. To evaluate the effects of the Se enrichment, Ca, Mg, and K distributions in pink oyster (Pleurotus djamor) and K and Mg distributions in white oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus) mushrooms were mapped by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), which can be used at room temperature and requires minimal or no sample preparation. It was verified that Se enrichment favoured the accumulation of Ca in the lower part of the pink oyster mushroom and prevented the transport of this element to the edges and tops. The Se enrichment also altered the distribution of K and Mg, decreasing the numerical correlation between the K and Mg distributions (R² = 0.5871). In the white oyster mushroom, however, despite the changes in the morphological characteristics of the fruiting bodies after enrichment, there were generally nonsignificant differences in the K and Mg distributions between the control and the Se-enriched mushrooms.

Highlights

The ideal food should contain all the macro and micronutrients required by humans
The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were obtained in μg/g values, considering a sample mass of 30 mg and a final volume of
This study demonstrated the feasibility and capability of using Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) imaging, a fast-analytical method, to evaluate the uptake and transport of Ca, Mg, and K in edible mushrooms

Summary

Introduction

The ideal food should contain all the macro and micronutrients required by humans. certain nutrients, primarily microelements, are not always available in foods, and are of major importance for introduction into the diet through food re-education, drug supplementation, or the fortification/enrichment of foods. Dairy products and cereals are commonly fortified, allowing the addition of micronutrients to children’s diets Cultivated foods, such as fruits, vegetables, nuts, mushrooms, cereals, beans, and rice, grown in soils or media previously treated with the micronutrients of interest, is a promising alternative to fortification and an ally of the agricultural economy, culminating in the production of superfoods and functional foods[1]. The consumption of edible mushrooms, primarily those of the genus Pleurotus, shows rapid expansion owing to its refined taste, high nutritional value, and medicinal properties[1] These mushrooms are good sources of proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, calcium, and iron. These features make the LIBS-based images a promising and fast method for investigations of elemental distribution and mapping in different samples[12,16,17,18,19,20]

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