Abstract
The present study aims to reveal the mechanism of element vaporization of Ti-6Al-4V alloy during selective laser melting (SLM). The equations of Redlich–Kister and the thermodynamics principles were employed to calculate the vaporization thermodynamics, which contributes to the obtaining the vaporization kinetic based on the Chapman-Enskog theory and the diffusion model. According to the achieved vaporization model, the elements with the most prominent tendency and flux to vaporize were distinguished. Moreover, the effect of the process parameters on the vaporization of Al and Ti is experimentally investigated using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP) technology. The analyzed results of the chemical composition of the powders and builds show a great agreement with the kinetic results calculated by the vaporization model. Notably, the element vaporization can be curbed by regulating the laser energy input.
Highlights
Selective laser melting (SLM) is an advanced additive manufacturing (AM) technique in which the components are fabricated layer-by-layer by selectively melting powders with a high-energy laser beam in an inert gas atmosphere [1,2,3]
Since titanium alloys have the advantages of high strength-to-weight ratio, favorable biocompatibility, excellent corrosion resistance, and high-temperature mechanical properties, it is widely used in aerospace and medical fields
The application of Ti-6Al-4V alloy, which is a kind of α+β two-phase titanium alloy consisting of about 6 wt.% Al and 4 wt.% V [7,8], exceeds 50%
Summary
Selective laser melting (SLM) is an advanced additive manufacturing (AM) technique in which the components are fabricated layer-by-layer by selectively melting powders with a high-energy laser beam in an inert gas atmosphere [1,2,3]. This technology is characterized by high forming precision and can freely fabricate extremely complex components, such as molds with internal flow channels and various lightweight structures [4,5]. Since titanium alloys have the advantages of high strength-to-weight ratio, favorable biocompatibility, excellent corrosion resistance, and high-temperature mechanical properties, it is widely used in aerospace and medical fields. It is of great importance to explore the mechanism of vaporization during SLM of Ti-6Al-4V parts
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