Abstract
The agreement of the Eisenman theoretical selectivity series with the experimental ones cannot be considered as a justification of the reality of the mechanism (used in the electrostatic model) of transformation of the selectivity series because the changes of the free energy and enthalpy of this ion-exchange reaction in compositionally and structurally different ion exchangers are independent, the enthalpies postulated by the model and the experimental enthalpies of the ion-exchange reactions differ significantly, and the entropy of the ion-exchange reaction depends on the structure and composition of the ion exchanger. It was determined that the entropy of the ion-exchange reactions of zeolites agrees in sign with the difference of the entropies of hydration of the corresponding cations, but the differences of the entropiers of hydration and solvation of the exchanging cations can differ with respect to sign. An explanation of the effect of concentration of rare alkali metals (cesium, rubidium, and lithium) by some natural aluminosilicates is presented.
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