Abstract
The electrostatic cumulation of current density in relativistic vacuum diodes with ring-type cathodes is described theoretically and confirmed experimentally. The distinctive feature of the suggested cumulation mechanism is a very low energy spread of electrons. As a result of electrostatic cumulation, a thin relativistic electron beam with a current density of 1 kA/mm$^2$ can be formed. This quantity exceeds typical current density values in high-current Cherenkov sources by an order of magnitude. Such a beam can be used as an active medium in high-power terahertz sources.
Highlights
Generation of high-power radiation is one of the main goals of vacuum terahertz electronics [1,2]. The progress in this field is strongly connected with production in highcurrent accelerators [1,2,3] of relativistic electron beams with ever-increasing density
This paper considers one more alternative for highcurrent electron beam cumulation, namely electrostatic cumulation [7,8]
Electrostatic cumulation was first revealed during modeling of high-current accelerators [8]
Summary
Generation of high-power radiation is one of the main goals of vacuum terahertz electronics [1,2]. The progress in this field is strongly connected with production in highcurrent accelerators [1,2,3] of relativistic electron beams with ever-increasing density. An alternative mechanism precluding beam expansion is already well-known This mechanism does not require external guiding fields. The large particle energy spread does not enable to use magnetically cumulated electron beams in terahertz radiation sources. We will show that electrostatic cumulation provides current densities (∼1 kA=mm2) sufficient to seed high-power terahertz radiation sources
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