Abstract
Recently, tremendous research on small energy supply devices is gaining popularity with the immerging Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. Especially, energy conversion and storage devices can provide opportunities for small electronics. In this research, a micro-nano structured design of electrodes is newly developed for high performing hybrid energy systems with the improved effective surface area. Further, it could be simply fabricated through two-steps synthesis of electrospinning and glass transition of a novel polystyrene (PS) substrate. Herein, the electro-spun nanofiber of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and Nylon 66 (Nylon) are applied to the dielectric layer of a triboelectric generator (TENG), while the PAN and polyaniline (PANI) composites is utilized as an electroactive material of supercapacitor (SC). As a result, the self-charging power system is successfully integrated with the wrinkled PAN/PS (W-PAN/PS@PANI)-SC and W-TENG by using a rectifier. According to the fabricated hybrid energy systems, the electrical energy produced by W-TENG can be successfully stored into as-fabricated W-PAN/PS@PANI-SC and can also turn on a commercial green LED with the stored energy. Therefore, the micro-nano structured electrode designed for hybrid energy systems can contribute to improve the energy conversion and storage performance of various electronic devices.
Highlights
The severe problems in energy supply have been widely drawing attention due to the use of small devices and internet of things (IoT) devices
A drying process is performed in an oven at 80 ◦ C for 2 h to evaporate the solvent inside the manufactured substrate
The results indicate that the force applied to the surface of the W-triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is related to the output performance
Summary
The severe problems in energy supply have been widely drawing attention due to the use of small devices and internet of things (IoT) devices. In the development of small electronic devices, it is essential to treat the limitation of device miniaturization due to the existing energy systems with complicated external circuits and power management. An energy harvesting system based on mechanical energy conversion can sufficiently satisfy the need of small portable electronics [5]. Among these energy harvesting techniques, the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has the numerous advantages of simple structure, various materials, low cost, and applicability to various energy sources [6–9]. The TENG can generate electrical energy through a simple contact–separation of two dielectrics materials from external mechanical movements [10–12].
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