Electrospun Magnetic Nanocellulose-Polyethersulfone-Conjugated Aspergillus oryzae Lipase for Synthesis of Ethyl Valerate.

Nurul Hidayah Hussin,Mailin Misson,Mohamad Hamdi Zainal-Abidin,Adikwu Gowon Jacob,Faizuan Abdullah,Nursyafiqah Elias,Roswanira Abdul Wahab,Nurul Jannah Sulaiman

doi:10.3390/membranes11120972

Nurul Hidayah Hussin, Mailin Misson + Show 6 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11120972

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Abstract

A novel greener MNC/PES membrane was developed through an electrospinning technique for lipase immobilization to catalyze the synthesis of ethyl valerate (EV). In this study, the covalent immobilization of Aspergillus oryzae lipase (AOL) onto an electrospun nanofibrous membrane consisting of magnetic nanocellulose (MNC) and polyethersulfone (PES) to produce EV was statistically optimized. Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy: attenuated total reflection, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential thermal gravimetric (DTG) of MNC/PES-AOL demonstrated that AOL was successfully immobilized onto the fibers. The Taguchi design-assisted immobilization of AOL onto MNC/PES fibers identified that 1.10 mg/mL protein loading, 4 mL reaction volume, 250 rpm stirring rate, and 50 °C were optimal to yield 72.09% of EV in 24 h. The thermal stability of MNC/PES-AOL was improved by ≈20% over the free AOL, with reusability for up to five consecutive esterification cycles while demonstrating an exceptional half-life of 120 h. Briefly, the electrospun MNC/PES fibers that immobilized AOL showed promising applicability in yielding relatively good EV levels. This study suggests that using MNC as fillers in a PES to improve AOL activity and durability for a longer catalytic process could be a viable option.

Highlights

IntroductionElectrospun nanofibrous materials exhibit high porosity and large specific surface area with controllable pore size
NC is a cellulose fiber derived from a variety of agricultural and municipal biomass sources
Pure cellulose fibers were treated with concentrated H2 SO4, which cleaves the glycosidic linkages in the amorphous domains of the biomass into smaller NC

Summary

Introduction

Electrospun nanofibrous materials exhibit high porosity and large specific surface area with controllable pore size. These materials have a very high flux, which makes them ideal for supporting enzymes [2,3,4]. Electrospun materials’ customizable nature enables tuning their biocompatibility, i.e., nanoparticles [5,6,7], for different applications. They include biomedical, bioreactors, biosensors, pharmaceuticals, agricultures, drug delivery systems, electrical devices, oil remover/oil extractant, and water pollution control [8,9]. Recent studies found that incorporating magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) into enzyme supports resulted in immobilized enzymes with enhanced stability and simple recovery processes [10,11,12]

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