Abstract
The method of electrospinning was used to create nanofibers made of cellulose acetate (CA) and essential oils (EOs). CA polymer at 15% w/v was dissolved in acetone and then 1% or 5% v/v of EOs was added to the polymer solution. The utilized essential oils were rosemary and oregano oils. Then, the CA/EOs in acetone solution were electrospun, creating micro/nanofibers, approximately 700–1500 nm in diameter. Raman spectroscopy was used to detect the attachment of the EOs in the CA electrospun fibers (ESFs). Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the morphology, topography and dimensions of the ESFs. The formed CA/EOs ESFs are found to have good antimicrobial properties against three common microbial species, frequently found in difficult to treat infections: Bacteria species Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and the yeast Candida albicans. ESFs with 5% v/v oregano oil with respect to the initial solution, showed the best antimicrobial and anti-biofilm effects due to the potency of this EO against bacteria and fungi, especially for Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. This work describes an effective and simple method to prepare CA/EOs ESFs and opens up many new applications of micro/nanofibers such as improved antimicrobial wound dressings, anti-biofilm surfaces, sensors and packaging alternatives.
Highlights
Antimicrobial resistance is a growing problem, since microorganisms tend to develop mechanisms of adaptation to currently used antimicrobial agents [1]
S. aureus, E. coli and C. albicans to obtain a better picture of how these electrospun fibers (ESFs) with new essential oils (EOs) can be used against more bacterial strains
Our results demonstrated that all obtained materials containing essential oils inhibit microbial attachment and biofilm formation, the results being influenced by the essential oil and the tested microbial strain
Summary
Antimicrobial resistance is a growing problem, since microorganisms tend to develop mechanisms of adaptation to currently used antimicrobial agents [1]. Wound dressings with EOs and plant extracts have shown very good antimicrobial activity and are very promising candidates against pathogenic bacteria and microorganisms [9,12,13,14,19,20,21,22] Polymers such as polylactic acid [23] and chitosan/poly(ethylene oxide) [24] have been used with. S. aureus, E. coli and C. albicans to obtain a better picture of how these ESFs with new EOs can be used against more bacterial strains Such produced ESFs with antimicrobial activity can be very efficient against pathogenic organisms due to their high surface-to-volume ratio that such micro/nanofibers create, and due to microorganisms being relatively non-resistant towards EOs. The bacteria are estimated to sense much more exposed area of the antimicrobial agent, than that of a simple 2D or
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