Electrospinning of PVA-carboxymethyl cellulose nanofibers for flufenamic acid drug delivery

Abstract

A prominent medical application of nanotechnology is represented in drug delivery. In this work, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were used for producing CMC/PVA aqueous-based nanofibers loaded with flufenamic acid (FFA) as a drug containing amine groups. The CMC/PVA solutions with 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40 and 50/50 ratios were considered for electrospinning. Two integration methods were studied for loading FFA on the nanofibers during the electrospinning process. The characterization techniques of SEM, AFM, fluorescence microscopy and FT-IR spectroscopy were used to study the produced nanofibers, indicating a uniform distribution of FFA throughout the samples. The resulting nanofibers were formed in a diameter range of 176–285 nm and exhibited a 5 h degradation time in the PBS buffer solution. A standard diagram of drug loading was obtained for the samples. The drug release pattern was examined using a dialysis tube method. UV–visible spectroscopy revealed a time-dependent drug release behavior in CMC/PVA/FFA nanofibers where a sharp release occurred over the first 20 min. However, a prolonged release time of 10 h was achieved using a cross-linker (EDC).