Electrospinning fabrication of hollow C@TiO2/Fe3C nanofibers composites for excellent wave absorption at a low filling content

Abstract

In order to face the challenge of achieving high-efficiency and lightweight wave absorption materials, we prepared the poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide (PMIA)/TiO2/Fe3C (PTF) composites with hollow structure by coaxial electrospinning and carbonization process. PMIA as the carbon source provided a three-dimensional (3D) conductive network, using TiO2 and Fe3C to improve the impedance matching, reinforce the hollow structure, and increase the absorption mechanism of composites. Significantly, the minimum reflection loss (RLmin) value of optimal material is −58.1 dB at 14.88 GHz and the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 6 GHz with the matching thickness of 2.3 mm, and the filling content is only 13 wt%. The excellent absorption property is maintained even after heating, immersing, and long-term use. This work provides the reference of hollow carbon nanofiber absorbers with excellent comprehensive properties and has more powerful practicability in a variety of environmental conditions.