Abstract
A building block approach, using a variety of benign solvent compositions and additives, offers a continuously developing strategy to render solvent-based electrospinning increasingly sustainable for the generation of polymer nanofibers.
Highlights
Electrospinning (ES) has developed into a well-known, versatile technique for the preparation of polymeric non-woven fibers
Their results on DMSO-based binary solvent mixtures revealed that the transition from spraying to spinning, starting from 12 wt%, can be shifted to lower concentrations (8–10 wt%) if EtOH is replaced by acetone.[43]
For the very specific purpose as a propellant, Li et al dissolved nitrocellulose in aqueous acetone with dispersed boron particles followed by ES.[123]. This necessity for co-solvents highlights the solubility limitations that many “water-soluble” biopolymers still face, which explains the predominant use of synthetic polymers in the spinning of aqueous suspensions
Summary
Electrospinning (ES) has developed into a well-known, versatile technique for the preparation of polymeric non-woven fibers. The obtained nanofiber membranes possess very high air and liquid permeability, while commonly enabling diffusion of solutes and cells, which are requirements for the majority of their current applications. This versatility is further extended by the range of different materials. For industrial-scale production, ES involves the use of large volumes of solvents requiring recycling or waste management facilities This is mainly due to relatively low polymer concentrations in the spinning solutions needed to obtain a defined viscosity of the commonly used high molecular weight polymers. The final conclusion discusses limitations of green ES and offers a future perspective
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