Abstract
Electrorheological elastomers based on polydimethylsiloxane filled with hydrated titanium dioxide with a particle size of 100–200 nm were obtained by polymerization of the elastomeric matrix, either in the presence, or in the absence, of an external electric field. The viscoelastic and dielectric properties of the obtained elastomers were compared. Analysis of the storage modulus and loss modulus of the filled elastomers made it possible to reveal the influence of the electric field on the Payne effect in electrorheological elastomers. The elastomer vulcanized in the electric field showed high values of electrorheological sensitivity, 250% for storage modulus and 1100% for loss modulus. It was shown, for the first time, that vulcanization of filled elastomers in the electric field leads to a significant decrease in the degree of crosslinking in the elastomer. This effect should be taken into account in the design of electroactive elastomeric materials.
Highlights
The electrorheological effect is a reversible and rapid change in the physicomechanical properties of a composite dielectric material when an external electric field is applied [1,2]
As previously noted in a number of studies, amorphous titanium dioxide can exhibit short-range order typical of crystalline polymorphic modifications of TiO2, which determines the mechanism of its crystallization in aqueous media at elevated temperatures [39]
The viscoelastic dielectric properties of silicone elastomers filled with isotropic particles by a high degree of crosslinking
Summary
The electrorheological effect is a reversible and rapid change in the physicomechanical properties of a composite dielectric material when an external electric field is applied [1,2]. The electrorheological effect is caused by the movement of particles of the polarizable disperse phase in an electric field, with the formation of ordered structures and the transition of the dispersed system from a viscous flowing state to a viscoplastic state [7,8]. Despite the fact that a strong electrorheological effect was observed for suspensions containing particles of a disperse phase with a high density (up to 7 g/cm3 ) [9,10,11,12], providing sedimentation stability of electrorheological fluids usually requires the use of additional stabilizers or constant mixing of the suspension
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