ϒelectroproduction at HERA, EIC, and LHeC within the nonrelativistic QCD framework

Zhan Sun

doi:10.1103/physrevd.102.114031

Abstract

Based on the nonrelativistic QCD framework, we study the $\Upsilon$ production in semi-inclusive deep inelastic electron-proton scattering (SIDIS) at HERA, EIC, and LHeC, with the main aim of assessing the viability of observing $\Upsilon$ electroproduction at the three colliders. The color-octet (CO) contributions are found to have a crucial effect on both the integrated and differential cross sections, serving to further establish the significance of the CO mechanism. By setting the kinematic cuts to $p_{t,\Upsilon}^{\star 2}>1~\textrm{GeV}^{2}$, $W>50$ GeV, $2<Q^2<100~\textrm{GeV}^2$, and $0.3<z<0.9$, only a few electroproduced $\Upsilon$ events can be generated at HERA, partially accounting for its lack of measured $\Upsilon$ electroproduction. However, under the same cut conditions, the EIC and LHeC can accumulate about $8.7\times10^{2}$ and $3.7\times10^{4}$ reconstructed $\Upsilon$ events in one operation year, respectively, which manifestly indicates the prospect of detecting the $\Upsilon$-related SIDIS processes at the two forthcoming $ep(eA)$ colliders.

Highlights

The heavy quarkonium related production processes, which involve both perturbative and nonperturbative aspects of QCD, have always been an area of great interest in high-energy physics
In light of these outstanding merits, in this paper we investigate and compare Υ production in ep semi-inclusive deeply inelastic lepton-hadron scattering (DIS) (SIDIS) at Large Hadron-Electron Collider (LHeC), Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), and HERA, in order to pave the way for future comparisons between measurements and corresponding theoretical predictions
In order to provide a deeper insight into heavyquarkonium production, in this work we investigated Υ production via the ep SIDIS at HERA, EIC, and LHeC within the nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) framework

Summary

INTRODUCTION

The heavy quarkonium related production processes, which involve both perturbative (production of a heavyquark pair) and nonperturbative (evolution of the heavyquark pair into the physical quarkonium) aspects of QCD, have always been an area of great interest in high-energy physics. The EIC proposed by the Brookhaven National Laboratory is designed to utilize a new electron beam facility based on an energy recovery linac to be built inside the RHIC tunnel to collide with RHIC’s existing high-energy proton and nuclear beams, with the CM energy varying from 20–140 GeV These high luminosities provide LHeC and EIC with an excellent ability to perform a multitude of crucial DIS measurements. In light of these outstanding merits, in this paper we investigate and compare Υ production in ep SIDIS at LHeC, EIC, and HERA, in order to pave the way for future comparisons between measurements and corresponding theoretical predictions.

Framework

Phenomenological results

SUMMARY